The first part of the paper is a general frame of the calcaneus osteotomies. By means of the calcaneus osteotomies the calcaneus and foot deformities, the biomechanical alterations of the calcaneus in the frontal (valgus and varus) and sagittal (plantar and dorsiflexion) plane can be corrected: the pes valgo planus deformity, the flatioot, the pes cavo-varus, the outcome of clubioot, the calcaneus cavus foot. For every single pathological situation is listed the calcaneusosteotomies that have been proposed starting from Gleich's method in 1893. Conclusive consideration help the choice of type of the calcaneus osteotomy to carry out.